Skill++ paper: routing-aware skill refinement lifts agent routing from 36.4% to 76.3%

dair_ai · x · 2026-11-03

dair-ai highlights Skill++: Towards Lifelong Agents via Routing-Aware Skill Refinement (arXiv; UIUC, MBZUAI, Recursal and others).

Problem: LLM agent skill libraries grow continually as users add new skills. Routers pick skills only by name and description, so a new skill with similar metadata can displace an older one and break previously correct routing — a class-incremental continual learning problem for skill routing.

Method: Skill++ rewrites only the name and description of each incoming skill: the new description states what the skill supports, how it differs from its closest existing skill, and what it excludes. No router retraining and no labeled data required.

Results: As a library grows to 731 skills over ten sessions, the router selects every required skill for 76.3% of queries versus 36.4% with original metadata; substitution errors nearly vanish and crowding errors halve. It outperforms five compared approaches across three benchmarks and also improves routing in the Codex CLI agent harness.

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