Epoch: Top AI firms' compute grows 4x/year; OpenAI up nearly 20x since 2023
Jsevillamol · x · 2026-09-10
Epoch AI researcher Jaime Sevilla notes that compute access at leading AI companies has grown 4x per year over the past couple of years — outpacing the buildout of compute infrastructure itself.
Epoch's new AI Chip Users explorer tracks compute use across five frontier developers: OpenAI, Google DeepMind, Anthropic, Meta Superintelligence Labs, and SpaceXAI. OpenAI has grown its compute nearly 20-fold since 2023, the sharpest case in an industry-wide surge. Estimates cover all compute for research, training, and inference, modeled from power capacity disclosures, financial filings, third-party analyst estimates, and Epoch's own analysis of major AI data centers.
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