Certify Uses Horn-Closure Certificates to Decide When Search Evidence Suffices, Hitting 80% Answer Accuracy vs 57%

_reachsumit · x · 2026-10-28

The Certify paper replaces holistic model judgment with a structural sufficiency test for search-augmented models: a per-query requirement hypergraph states which facts jointly yield others, and Horn closure over entity-checked links yields a certificate — the minimal sufficient passages and their derivation, or an abstention naming open requirements.

Pooled across three corpora with unanswerable twins, Certify decides significantly more accurately than search agents, graph retrieval and sufficiency judges in default configs, matching a proprietary model's sufficiency label with no extra model call. Over 21M Wikipedia passages, entity checks add 4–13 points of decision accuracy, and answers from its certificate are 80% correct versus 57% from all retrieved passages.

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