ML professor predicts agents will become compilers between your intent and FLOPs

DimitrisPapail · x · 2026-11-13

Duke ML professor Dimitris Papailiopoulos shared his vision of AI-driven optimization: we're moving into a future that's totally bespoke — you specify your hardware and desired outcome, and the agent becomes the compiler between your intent and the FLOPs.

The output won't be a cleaner optimizer or architecture, he argues, but an ugly frankenstein artifact touching kernels and beyond. He gives an example: asking Claude to hit 10x lower perplexity at minimum time, optimizing everything — "just don't reward hack."

Related event: Meta researcher predicts fully bespoke era of agent compilers for AI training(2 posts)→

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