Memgraph Fine-Tuned a 1B Model for Text2Cypher with $26 of Synthetic Data: 94% Synthetic, 41% Public Benchmark

JeremyCMorgan · x · 2026-11-13

A Memgraph engineer fine-tuned a 1B open-source model for Text2Cypher (translating plain-English questions into Cypher graph queries). The dataset was built backwards: Cypher queries were generated programmatically from the grammar, then DeepSeek produced varied natural-language phrasings. The final version used hundreds of synthetic schemas, 69,500 verified queries, and 270K training rows at roughly $26 in API costs; training ran overnight on a laptop GPU, and inference runs on CPU, generating some queries in under a second. Failed queries and error messages were later added so the model learns to self-correct.

The key contrast: the model hit 94% on unseen synthetic domains but only 41% on a public benchmark—a clear case of synthetic training gains failing to transfer.

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