Infographic: the 7 layers of the LLM stack, from data acquisition to apps
nevrekaraishwa2 · x · 2026-11-05
A reference infographic breaks the LLM engineering stack into 7 layers: data acquisition, preprocessing (dedup, chunking, embeddings), model selection & training (LoRA, RLHF, distillation), orchestration & pipelines (agent frameworks, RAG, guardrails), inference & execution (streaming, caching, edge), integration (APIs, auth, billing/metering), and applications (copilots, RAG search, domain agents). A handy systems-level cheat sheet for AI engineers.
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