NavSafe-∞: photorealistic closed-loop benchmark exposes safety gap across 20 E2E driving policies

zhoubolei · x · 2026-10-08

Researchers from UCLA, UCSD and Toyota Research Institute released NavSafe-∞, an open photorealistic closed-loop driving safety benchmark with 280 event-based scenarios across 28 safety-critical event types (crashes, incidents, violations, vulnerable road users), built from photorealistic nuPlan reconstructions. Evaluating 20 end-to-end policies, they show comparable open-loop scores can lead to very different safety outcomes in closed-loop execution, exposing a consistent OL-to-CL safety gap. Paper, code and dataset are public.

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