Is there a real hardware lottery in AI? Transformers may have won by fitting GPUs

prateekj · x · 2026-09-16

A thoughtful open question: do some AI algorithms win partly because available hardware favors them? Transformers map extremely well to GPUs and dense matmul, but hardware optimized for sparse, asynchronous, or memory-heavy computation might have led to different architectures. The author wonders whether good algorithms go undiscovered because today's hardware makes them too expensive to explore — a chicken-and-egg problem given long hardware design cycles.

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