Orthrus Study: Lossless Speculative Decoding Holds Only at High Numerical Precision

Ilya Koziev · hf · 2026-09-15

A Hugging Face write-up examines how lossless speculative decoding truly is in the Orthrus system. The finding: losslessness only holds under high numerical precision, while BF16 causes trajectory divergence between draft and target outputs. Interestingly, this divergence does not impair downstream benchmark results, suggesting the practical impact of precision-induced drift is limited, though the notion of "lossless" is precision-dependent.

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