Ray Dalio: every tech boom creates a bubble — the miracle vs. the investment

RayDalio · x · 2026-09-09

Investor Ray Dalio laid out his bubble framework in a conversation with MasterClass CEO David Rogier: nearly every technology boom — railroads, the Industrial Revolution, the late 1920s — follows a boom-bust cycle. In the late '20s, electricity, refrigeration, telephones, radios, airplanes and cars all emerged at once, drawing euphoric investment. The danger, he argues, is failing to distinguish the miracle from the investment: a truly transformative technology can still produce a crash if stocks are overpriced or bought on debt. Key questions: great for whom, does it pay, and are we paying too much?

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