Study: LLMs as synthetic survey respondents are plausible but not valid

Mantas Lukauskas · hf · 2026-08-18

This study conducts a psychometric audit of using LLMs as synthetic survey respondents. It finds that while LLMs can replicate broad psychometric trends, they fail to match human joint distributions, reliability, and mediation structures. The conclusion is that LLMs are currently unsuitable as replacements for real respondents in rigorous surveys.

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