Expert Clarifies: C2PA Metadata is Fragile, Multimodal Watermarking Remains Challenging

davidstutz92 · x · 2026-08-11

Responding to claims that multimodal content is easier to watermark than text, AI researcher David Stutz offered clarification.

He noted that while it is true that continuous values like images make it easier to hide information bits compared to text, relying on metadata like C2PA is not a robust solution. Metadata is inherently fragile and can be easily stripped from both text and multimodal content, meaning multimodal watermarking still faces significant technical hurdles.

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