COMPASS Builds Interpretable Concept Bottleneck Transformer Using 132 Gene Signatures

marinkazitnik · x · 2026-07-03

At its core, COMPASS features a concept bottleneck design: after encoding the tumor transcriptome, it processes the data through a Transformer bottleneck layer comprising 132 gene signatures (aggregated into 44 interpretable immune and stromal concepts) to ultimately predict treatment response. By basing decisions on human-readable biological concepts rather than latent features, the model ensures strong clinical interpretability.

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