OptST adapts frozen semantic tokenizers to downstream LLM recommenders via low-rank deformation

_reachsumit · x · 2026-11-06

OptST makes a pretrained semantic tokenizer responsive to downstream recommendation. It learns a low-rank, anchor-regularized deformation of token assignments without updating the pretrained encoder or base codebooks, trains through a straight-through estimator while keeping hard nearest-code assignments at inference, and selects an interaction-conditioned prefix depth to control semantic resolution per interaction.

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