Nathan Lambert: an effective org is worth multiples in compute for training frontier models

natolambert · x · 2026-10-28

Nathan Lambert argues the importance of org chart and team structure in building good LLMs is vastly underrated, citing his 18-month-old Interconnects post on managing frontier training orgs. It explains why orgs like Llama/xAI crumble and get rebuilt, and why underdogs can catch up — an effective org is worth multiples in compute. He adds there isn't much secret sauce to model-building: most gains come from consistent execution and wise compute use.

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