Basis uses LLMs and Lean to verify an interpreter down to RISC-V machine code

burny_tech · x · 2026-10-26

Basis published "Ship Your Interpreter": LLMs wrote a formal semantics for a small programming language, then Lean proved the interpreter follows those rules even after compilation to RISC-V machine code — proving a refinement against your existing codebase's binary, so "slop in, trust out."

The article traces recent progress: in April their agents built a JS-to-WebAssembly compiler but couldn't prove behavior preservation; later they verified Linux's nftables compiler; in September MIT's Kaashoek and Zeldovich verified the xv6 kernel down to machine code using AI agents.

Basis argues the bottleneck is shifting from theorem proving to specification: ensuring what we prove captures the behavior we actually care about. Their goal is verification methods that scale to all software, making critical infrastructure secure by design.

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