Luddites were machine experts too: a history of AI, work and lost identity

soumitrashukla9 · x · 2026-10-23

Quoting Alex Imas's new Substack essay with Soumitra Shukla: work has never been just income minus effort costs, as in standard economic models — identity, meaning and sense of agency are wrapped up in what people do for a living. The piece takes a historical view of how technological transformation disrupts identity through jobs, noting the lesser-known fact that Luddites were experts at using the machines themselves, and their protests pushed economists like David Ricardo to rethink automation — later inspiring the Arts and Crafts movement. It connects to recent pieces by Ezra Klein and Francis Fukuyama on AI, meaning and agency.

Related event: Economist and Anthropic Researcher Argue AI Threatens Work's Identity and Meaning, Not Just Income(7 posts)→

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