First published RCT using Claude in patient care: 300 neurosurgery patients, NEJM AI
Witold-Onno · reddit · 2026-10-23
A German neurosurgeon (senior author) reports the first published RCT with Claude as an intervention, in NEJM AI: 300 first-visit neurosurgical patients randomized to receive plain-language (German B1) summaries of their own MRI reports/discharge letters via Claude 3.7 Sonnet API (temp 0, prompt frozen at v28). Quality layer: four parallel OpenAI o1 judges (regenerate below 7), physician checklist on every summary, blinded second review on half — zero regenerations, zero factual errors, zero corrections, ICC 0.74. Results: better shared-decision-making ratings and consultations 8 minutes shorter (25 vs 33 min); physicians found visits more demanding as patients came prepared. Limits: single center, unblinded, no clinical outcomes, proof of concept.
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