Nick Cammarata proposes preregistered tests for whether semantic neurons survive retraining

nickcammarata · x · 2026-10-22

Interpretability researcher Nick Cammarata challenged claims about specific semantic neurons (e.g. a "cars+cats" neuron): he proposes preregistering predictions for what fraction of retrained models — different sizes, shuffled data order — reproduce the neuron. His argument: if cars+cats co-occur for little reason, stable reproduction should be unlikely; neurons typically inhibit near-misses, so high-level semantic neurons need not recruit most early related features. It sparked a substantive exchange with Liv Gorton on the explanatory power of superposition.

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