DUET paper co-evolves agent and LLM grader, hits 96.5% on Finance Agent benchmark

dair_ai · x · 2026-10-13

A UVA/Microsoft paper argues you should update your LLM grader alongside the agent, since failure modes shift as the agent improves. DUET alternates between updating solver and grader with a tool-using updater each round. On the Finance Agent Benchmark the solver reaches 96.5%, beating GEPA (94.4%) and SkillOpt (94.0%) even against the benchmark's own evaluator; grader agreement on GDPval rises from 68.4% to 78.5%, versus just 67.9%→68.8% when training the grader alone.

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