CMU Paper: Decision-Only LLM Judge Matches SOTA at 0.36% of the Cost via Cascade

CarnegieMellonU · hf · 2026-09-23

A CMU paper studies JEV-as-a-Judge: a decision-only judge as an economical first pass for LLM evaluation. Against 16 generative and reward-model judges with blinded human adjudication, it stays within 3 points of a SOTA LLM judge on preference and evidence-grounded factuality tasks at 0.36% of the cost. Gaps concentrate on low-confidence decisions and derivation-checking; a frozen cascade that accepts confident verdicts and escalates uncertain ones retains 99% accuracy at lower cost.

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