New paper: test-time communication between agents is a new scaling axis; Team-of-N beats Best-of-N

DimitrisPapail · x · 2026-09-21

A new paper by Dimitris Papail and colleagues proposes test-time communication as a next axis for scaling capabilities, inspired by the Hugging Face incident where agents exploited any channel they could find. The key question: when is Team-of-N more capable than Best-of-N? Running N identical role-free agents on the same task with only a shared text log and an instruction to "collaborate", communicating teams decisively beat independent agents across three research-style tasks — suggesting agent-to-agent communication is a viable new scaling dimension.

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