Study of 7 models across Claude Code, Codex, Pi: harness barely affects success but swings cost

DavideCrapis · x · 2026-09-17

Melissa Pan's team evaluated 7 models across the Claude Code, Codex, and Pi harnesses and found three surprising results: (1) harness choice has little effect on task success rate but can significantly affect cost; (2) a simple harness can be competitive; (3) the model's native harness isn't always the best. The study addresses a long-standing gap — millions use coding agents, yet the impact of harness choice remained unclear.

Related event: Testing 7 Models Across 3 Agent Harnesses: Harness Choice Drives Cost, Not Success Rate(5 posts)→

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