Schmidhuber Maps 38 Years of Metalearning and Recursive Self-Improvement Since 1987

SchmidhuberAI · x · 2026-09-13

Jürgen Schmidhuber updated his long-form blog post tracing metalearning and recursive self-improvement (RSI) from his 1987 diploma thesis through today: gradient descent-based neural metalearning (1992-), meta-RL with self-modifying policies (1994-), artificial curiosity and intrinsic motivation (1997), asymptotically optimal metalearning for curricula (2002-), the mathematically optimal self-referential Gödel Machine (2003-), and new work since 2020. He argues in-context learning and test-time training in modern LLMs are special cases of metalearning, and notes that RSI startups are now emerging as compute gets cheaper.

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