GPT-6 Astra pre-training cost estimated at $432M, full model $1-2B

scaling01 · x · 2026-09-10

scaling01 estimates GPT-6 Astra's pre-training cost at around $432 million, with the complete model at roughly $1-2 billion excluding development costs. He frames the price as insane: imagine trading 10-20 F-35 fighter jets for a single LLM. A striking cost-to-capability comparison for the frontier model era.

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