Gary Marcus Rebuts Altman: Hope Is Not a Business Model, AI Needs a New Path

GaryMarcus · x · 2026-08-05

In response to OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, AI researcher Gary Marcus argued on X that betting heavily on the current LLM paradigm might be flawed.

Comparing the current AI hype to historical alchemy—which eventually had to be replaced by real chemistry—Marcus suggested the industry needs fundamental scientific breakthroughs rather than just scaling and faith. He concluded that "hope is not a business model."

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