Quantifying and Extending Late Interaction Retrieval Models

_reachsumit · x · 2026-07-08

The paper theoretically proves that the MaxSim operation can exactly reproduce non-negative inner products. It further extends this to support exact real-valued inner product computations, improving the retrieval quality of late interaction retrieval models (such as ColBERT) in scenarios like negated queries, thereby providing a more solid theoretical foundation for related models.

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