Addition and Multiplication Alone Suffice to Simulate Turing Machines

A series of posts explains how Peano arithmetic, using only addition and multiplication, can simulate Turing machines by encoding the tape as natural numbers via Gödel's β function, showing that mathematics is inherently Turing-complete and revealing the often-overlooked flip side of Gödel's incompleteness theorem.

2026-10-17 ~ 2026-10-18 · 4 related posts